Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Refrigerant r22 vapour enters a positive displacement compressor at a slightly superheated state 1 and is then compressed to state 2. This application is for thermodynamic calculations of vapor compression refrigeration cycle with regeneration. Ch 10, lesson b, page 1 practical vapor compression refrigeration cycles. The use of heat operated refrigeration systems help reduce problems related to global environmental, such as the so called greenhouse effect from co2 emission from the combustion of fossil fuels in utility power plants. In the vaporcompression refrigeration system, which is widely used, the external agent is a compressor.
The process of refrigeration uses the vapor compression refrigeration cycle to move heat from one place to another. Both compressors and turbines work better when the working fluid is all in just one phase. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale. These notes are according to the r09 syllabus book of jntu. After the refrigerant vapor is compressed it is discharged to the condenser coil. Other systems employed are gas refrigeration, vapor.
Improving the accuracy and scope of controloriented vapor. Difference between vapour compression and vapour absorption pdf. A proposed hybrid vapor compression refrigeration system hvcr is proposed in this paper. Khurmi by textbook of refrigeration and airconditioning. System description the layout of the system is shown in figure 1. Layout of the r22 vapour compression refrigeration system. Lesson 10 vapour compression refrigeration systems 1 version 1 me, iit kharagpur the specific objectives of the lesson. Vapour compression refrigeration or vapor compression refrigeration system,1 in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Recent developments in simulation techniques for vapour. The process of refrigeration uses the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle to move heat from one place to another. Vapour compression units are the most widely used refrigeration systems. Refrigeration cycle is the basis of all refrigeration systems.
Khurmi is very useful for mechanical engineering mech students and also who are all having an interest to develop their knowledge in the field of design, automobile, production, thermal engineering as well as all the works related to mechanical field. Other systems employed are gas refrigeration, vapor absorption refrigeration, and vortex refrigeration. Additionally, the thermodynamic cycle will be plotted on a pressureenthalpy temperature chart. Vapor compression cooling systems can be used for refrigeration and dehumidification.
Determination of a vapor compression refrigeration system. Vapourcompression refrigeration or vaporcompression refrigeration system vcrs, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle, step by step. Thermodynamic calculations of twostage vapor compression refrigeration cycle with flash chamberregenerative intercooler you can switch back to the summary page. In any refrigeration process, heat is transferred from one region to another with the aid of an external agent. A reversible, adiabatic isentropic compression of the refrigerant. Pdf vapour compression refrigeration system generating. This example models a vapor compression refrigeration cycle using twophase fluid components. Determination of a vapor compression refrigeration system refrigerant charge. Vapour compression refrigeration is the primary method to provide mechanical cooling. Before moving further on differences lets have an overview of both the vapour compression and vapour absorption refrigeration system.
The ideal refrigeration cycle is considered with the following conditions. Apr 02, 2016 vapour compression refrigeration system 1. The purpose of a refrigerator is the removal of heat, called the cooling load, from a lowtemperature medium. Vapor compression type refrigeration free download as powerpoint presentation. A compressor is an essential component in the vapor compression process of refrigeration. When 1 pound of ice melts, it absorbs 144 btu, as latent energy. So refrigeration cycle should be known to understand the refrigeration system. Simply stated, refrigeration systems efficiently move heat from a cold source to a hot heat sink normally air. In the previous lesson, we learned that the carnot vapor compression refrigeration cycle had two problems that made it impractical. Example use the refrigerant4a tables 1 1 1 1 1 238.
It raises the pressure, temperature and enthalpy of the refrigerant by compressing the saturated gas, in an isentropic process, to a superheated. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working. Refrigeration and air conditioning pdf notes rac pdf notes file to download are listed below please check it note. The refrigerant in a compression refrigeration system flows through a closed cycle with the following. How vaporcompression cooling works electronics cooling. Since the pressure increase of the vapor also generates an increase in the condensation temperature, the same vapor can serve as the heating medium for its mother liquid or solution being concentrated, from which the. Refrigeration and air conditioning pdf notes rac pdf notes. Module 03 vapor compression refrigeration free download as powerpoint presentation. A simple vapor compression refrigeration system consists of the following equipments. Vapour compression refrigeration system linkedin slideshare. Design and simulation of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle for a micro refrigerator submitted by seyfettin yildiz in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in mechanical engineering department, middle east technical university by, prof. Vaporcompression cycle refrigeration is a process that uses the physics of phase change heat transfer and the unique properties of a refrigerant to transfer heat from a relatively cold source to a hot medium. Pdf recent developments in vapor compression systems or small. Refrigeration and air conditioning by arora and domkundwar pdf.
Vapourcompression units are the most widely used refrigeration systems. Both a steadystate and a transient simulation will be considered. Ch 10, lesson b, page 1 practical vaporcompression refrigeration cycles. Heat losses and gains over the compressor, condensor, throttle and evaporator will be calculated, together with the coefficient of performance. A compressor which compresses the vaporous working fluid and providing required mechanical energy, 9 6, to the system. Schematic diagram a and photographs b of the experimental apparatus. Since jacob perkins ice machine built in 1834, vapor compression refrigeration cycle vcrc has been in service of human beings. Electricity purchased from utility companies for conventional vapor compression refrigerators can be reduced.
Ts and ph diagrams for an ideal vaporcompression refrigeration cycle. Setup and function of a compression refrigeration system. In the vapor compression refrigeration system, which is widely used, the external agent is a compressor. Simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle it is shown on ts below at point 1, let t 1, p 1, and s 1 be the properties of vapour refrigerant. It can be used whenever a refrigeration or airconditioning requirement occurs. If you have any doubts please refer to the jntu syllabus book. The refrigeration capacity is 8 tr and the compression is. Classification of refrigeration methods based on type of the variation of pressure and flow rate in the cycle during steadystate op eration. Pdf performance analysis of a combined vapor compression. From 2 the high pressure high temperature vapor is first sensibly cooled to saturation, then condensed and ultimately subcooled to state 3. Vapor compression refrigeration hvacr heat pumps air. For a decade, due to the tendency of miniaturization in technology, an effort to produce this.
Refrigerants for vapour compression refrigeration systems. Natural gas plants, petroleum refineries, and petrochemical plan. Performance analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system with r404a, r407c and r410a jyoti soni 1 and r c gupta corresponding author. The compressor drives the r4a refrigerant through a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.
Recent advances in vapor compression cycle technologies pdf. Ts diagram of simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle figure 6. Dynamic grey box modeling for vapor compression cycle systems. One of the common refrigeration systems in use today is the vapor compression cycle. In r and r15,8units of r09 syllabus are combined into 5units in r and r15 syllabus. Ph diagram for simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Jan 31, 2018 may 03, 2017 refrigeration and air conditioning by arora and domkundwar pdf. This example models a vaporcompression refrigeration cycle using twophase fluid components. Refrigeration cycles the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a common method for transferring heat from a low temperature to a high temperature.
The advantages of the optimized refrigeration design are highlighted, establishing a performance vs. It also includes the process of maintaining and reducing the temperature of a body below the general temperature of its surroundings. Vapourcompression refrigeration or vaporcompression refrigeration system,1 in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. The internal heat exchanger, by increasing the enthalpy and temperature of the pre compression refrigerant, assists in ensuring that a superheated vapor with no liquid droplets enters the compressor. From 2 the high pressure high temperature vapour is first sensibly cooled to saturation, then condensed and ultimately sub. Vapourcompression refrigeration systems sciencedirect. Thermodynamic calculations of vapor compression refrigeration. Thermodynamic calculations of twostage vapor compression. Schematic of a vapour compression refrigeration cycle is shown in fig. Pdf textbook of refrigeration and airconditioning by r. Textbook of refrigeration and airconditioning written by r. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle involves four components. Interactive computer routines have been composed, in basic language, in order to permit the prediction of the performances of simple, multievaporator multistage compressor vapourcompression refrigerators when employing refrigerant r11, r12, r22 or r502.
It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale warehouses for chilled or frozen storage of foods and meats. At the bottom of the articles you can download pdf. In many hvac air conditioner and heat pump applications, the process of refrigeration or the vapor compression cycle is what makes it work. Gandhinagar institute of technology subject applied thermal and hydraulic engineering2140907 branch electrical topic refrigeration vapour compression refrigeration system 2. Multistage vapour compression refrigeration example1 two stage compression system with water intercooler uses r4a as shown in figure1. Vapor compression can lift large heat loads and can heat sink at below ambient temperatures. Mathematical model description for vapor compression. Before moving further on differences lets have an overview of both the vapour compression. By araner posted 20180223 in refrigeration the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is nearly 200 years old, but it does not seem ready to leave the scene any time soon. Refrigerant r22 vapor enters a positive displacement compressor at a slightly superheated state 1 and is then compressed to state 2.
A performance comparison of vapour compression refrigeration. Dec 31, 2016 vapour compression refrigeration system 1. The compressor, condenser, throttle and evaporator are analyzed. Find cop r and cop r, carnot for the same t max and t min, and the tons of refrigeration. Today we will study the difference between vapour compression and vapour absorption refrigeration system in detail. Air conditioning and refrigeration download as pdf file.
Vaporcompression evaporation is the evaporation method by which a blower, compressor or jet ejector is used to compress, and thus, increase the pressure of the vapor produced. The evaporating temperature is 25 oc and condensing temperature 47 oc. The hot gas leaving the compressor condenses in the condenser via heat transfer to the environment. Miniature vapor compression refrigeration system for electronics. Module 03 vapor compression refrigeration refrigeration. Layout of the r22 vaporcompression refrigeration system. While some people have viewed this method as environmentally harmful and inefficient, the cycle is still applicable in the industrial sphere. Vapour compression refrigeration or vapor compression refrigeration system vcrs, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Some basic refrigeration cycles are discussed here through different diagrams. Vapor compression refrigeration is being adapted to cool computer and telecommunications equipment in a limited number of high performance applications. These are the evaporator, condenser, compressor and the expansion valve. In the past, this was done by collecting ice in the winter and using its specific heat to cool as the ice melted. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle is nearly 200 years old, but it does not seem ready to leave the scene any time soon.
It is a compression process, whose aim is to raise the refrigerant pressure, as it. Typical vapor compression systems can be represented as shown in figure. Vapor compression cooling for high performance applications. Refrigeration systems and applications, second edition.
Refrigeration may be defined as a process of removing heat from a substance and pumping it to the surroundings. Refrigerant4a is the working fluid in an ideal compression refrigeration cycle. The cooling coefficient of performance cop for air conditioning under normal conditions is. The internal heat exchanger, by increasing the enthalpy and temperature of the precompression refrigerant, assists in ensuring that a superheated vapor with no liquid droplets enters the compressor. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of system, advantages, and disadvantages introduction. A compressor which compresses the vaporous working fluid. All vapor compression systems consist of the following four basic components alongwith the interconnecting piping. Pdf constructal vapor compression refrigeration vcr systems. Vaporcompression refrigeration or vaporcompression refrigeration system vcrs, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles.
Refrigeration air conditioning c p arora third edtn ebook download as pdf, text or read refregeration reader android pdf and air conditioning by c p arora. In many hvac air conditioner and heat pump applications, the process of refrigeration or the vaporcompression cycle is what makes it work. Layout of the r22 vapourcompression refrigeration system. In the previous lesson, we learned that the carnot vaporcompression refrigeration cycle had two problems that made it impractical. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale warehouses for. Energetic and exergetic anal yses are conducted on the thermodynamic performances of this system with co 2. Interactive computer routines have been composed, in basic language, in order to permit the prediction of the performances of simple, multievaporator multistage compressor vapour compression refrigerators when employing refrigerant r11, r12, r22 or r502. While vaporcompression technologies have served heating, ventilation, and airconditioning hvac needs very effectively, and have been the dominant hvac technology for close to 100 years, the conventional refrigerants used in vaporcompression equipment contribute to global climate change when released to the atmosphere. Analysis of a vaporcompression refrigeration cycle maplesoft.
The compressor does work on the refrigeration system consumes energy. Apr 23, 2020 in any refrigeration process, heat is transferred from one region to another with the aid of an external agent. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator at 20oc and has a condenser pressure of 0. It is necessary for the evaporator to supply the compressor with vapor refrigerant as it is impossible to compress a liquid. Additionally, the thermodynamic cycle will be plotted on a pressureenthalpytemperature chart.
334 1109 1211 602 180 1400 1409 667 157 1259 1137 1517 287 769 550 611 867 1546 479 616 969 901 660 1357 248 1007 1270 685 375 1401